With the establishment of the Fund for responding to Loss and Damage, loss and damage finance has been firmly institutionalised under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. However, little knowledge exists on the financing gap that the Fund would ideally close. In our report, we discuss methodological challenges and propose solutions to change that.
Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) are the climate plans of countries that have signed the Paris Agreement. Every five years, these plans need to be updated, adding more ambition to reduce emissions. In this primer, we give an introduction to NDCs, their history, and describe four essentials of a good next generation of NDCs.
The New Collective Quantified Goal on climate finance will be defined at COP29 in late 2024. It will shape the future of climate finance and guide Parties' efforts to finance climate action for years to come. The Goal therefore needs to highlight the importance of adaptation finance and contain strong provisions to ensure that adaptation finance flows in line with the evolving needs and priorities of developing countries, as well as the Global Goal on Adaptation of the Paris Agreement. Our policy brief details how this can be achieved.
Pakistan's vulnerability to climate change makes the country an important partner in German climate co-operation. In this policy brief, we examine Pakistan's national climate policies and their implementation challenges. We also review Germany's climate initiatives within Pakistan and anticipate potential challenges in their bilateral climate co-operation.
Over the next few months, countries will be releasing the next generation of climate plans known as National Determined Contributions (NDCs). Read our open letter detailing the '10 tests' for global leaders to stay on track and limit global warming to 1.5°C, to avoid catastrophic climate change.
